Boiler



c. w. GORDON BOILER Filed m 16. 1929 May 26, 1931.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR CA/ARLES. GORDON ATTORNEY May 26, 1931. c. w. GORDON BOILER Filed na 16; 1925 a Sheets-Sheet 3' INVENTOR v CHAR/.55 W. Go/wo/v ATTORNEY! superheating surface and this necessitates Patented May 26, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT GFF E CHARLES W. ooanon, or PLEASANTVILLE, new roan, ASSIGNOR .ro rein surna- HEATER COMPANY, ornew YORK, iv. a.

nouns.

Application filed May 1.8,

My invention relates to boilers and has particular reference to boilers of the horizontally inclined tube type in which auxiliary heating means such as superheaters or reheaters are incorporated.

More specifically .my invention is in the nature of an improvement upon the conventional interdeck superheater boiler in which two or more vertically spaced banks or decks o of horizontally inclined steam generating J tubes are employed with a superheater located in the space between two of the tube banks. This type of boiler while possessing many advantages also has certain disadvanq tages particularly when designed for large 3 capacities, and high pressures and temperatures. For example, the interdeck superheater is subjected to very severe tempera.- tures during starting up periods before steam can be provided by the boiler to} cool the superheater elements by its passage through the superheater from the boiler tothe point of use. Furthermore, the requirement for high steam temperatures necessitates the provision of a relatively large amount of spacing the boiler. banks so far apart in order to accommodate the superheater that much space is wasted in such designs. Q In accordance with the present invention, the advantages of the interdeck typeof superheater are largely retained and the disad vantages eliminated by placing the superheater between the tube rows of one of the boiler banks so that no separate space is required for the superheater, this arrangement further placing the superheater elements closely adjacent to steam generating tubes so that during starting up periods these ele- 4a ments may be effectively cooled by reradiaof boiler tubes which provides at one end of the tube bank a plurality of vertical rows of tubes between which the elements of the heat-. ing device may be located, while at the other end of the bank the boiler tubes are placed in vertically staggered relationso that the 1929. Serial No. 363,487.

desired eiiiciency of heat transfer from com;

bustion gases to the tubes at this end of the. bank may be obtained.

. T he manner in which the invention may be carried into effecttogether with the more detailed objects and advargtages of the in "ention may best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof in which Fig. l is a vertical sec;

7 tion taken through a superheater boiler emtaken on the lined-4: of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a.

view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modified form of boiler construction, and Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2 taken on the line 66 of Fig. 5. y r Referring now to Fig. 1, theboiler illustrated is constructed in general in accordance with the usual cross drum interdeck design and comprises a lower bank of horizontally inclined steam generating tubes 1 and an upper bank of similarly inclined tubes 2. The tubes 1 and 2 are. supplied with water from the usual downtake headers 3 and deliver to uptake headers 4. "A steam and water drum 5 supplies water to headers 3 through nipples 6, and the steam and water mixture disa charged into headers 4 is delivered to drum 5 by Way of the horizontal circulators 7.

The boiler is provided with a horizontal battle 8 arranged above tubes 1, this baflie terminating at its inner end in a vertical bafi'ie 9 extending transversely across tubes 2. Battle 10 extends-downwardly from the top of the boiler substantially across the bank of tubes 2; These baflies provide the usual three transverse passes across the upper bank of boiler tubes,- but the specific bafiling arrangement is to be understood as not germane to the present invention and may be changed without departing from the scope of the invention.

Furthermore, while the boiler illustrated is of the form having two separated banks of generating tubes, the invention is concerned only with the bank of generating tubes in which the auxiliary heating device is located, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is in no sense limited to the particular form of boiler illustrated.

Steam generated in the boiler is delivered from drum 5 by way of the offtake pipe 11 to the inlet header 12 of the superheater which comprises header 12, outlet header 13, and a plurality of tubular superheating elements 14 connecting these headers.

Turning now to Figs. 2 to 4:, it will be observed that the tubes 2 are arranged in horizontal rows with the tubes in each horizontal row parallel to each other but at an angle to the rows immediately above and below; This arrangement is secured by arranging the tube holes in the headers at one end of the boiler in vertically staggered relation, as shown in Fig. 3, while at the other end of the boiler the tube holes in the headers are arranged in vertical rows, as shown in Fig. 4. In the specific form illustrated, this arrangement of the tube holes is accomplished by using individual straight uptake headers for each vertical row of tubes, while the downtake headers for the same row are of the ordinary sinuous form, as shown in Fig; 3. It will be quite clear, however, that the tube hole arrangements shown in FigsJ3 and 4 may be secured with other types of headers,- such, for example, as the box headers employed in Heine and Edgemoor boilers.

The arrangement and spacing of the tubes secured by this positioning of the tube holes in the headers will be clear from an inspection of Fig. 2 and it will be seen that vertical lanes between the tube rows are provided in the first pass, while in the-second and third passes the tubes are in vertically overlapping or staggered relation. The vertical lanes provided between the tube rows 'in the first pass it will be noted are somewhat narrower adjacent the battle 9 thanat the point where the tubes enter headers 4', but in a typical boiler construction where the boiler tubes are of four inch outside diameter spaced on seven inch centers, the clear widthof the vertical lanes'between tubes adjacent to the battle 9 will be approximately 1 inches, which is sufiicient to permit the insertion of the superheater elements 14 between the boiler tubes. r.

In the form illustrated, the superheater elements comprise a plurality of vertical loops extending through the full depth of the bank of tubes 2, the arrangement being such that the units may readily be withdrawn upwardly between the circulators 7, or if desired they may be disconnected from the headers and dropped through the lower bank of tubes 1 and removed through the furnace. In boilers of this type the tubes 1 are usually. set in vertical rows, but the arrangement of these tubes is outside the scope of this invention and may be varied as desired. In some applications of the invention the lower bank of tubes 1 may be entirely omitted.

It is to be noted that the superheater elements may readily be supported by the upper row of tubes 2, and such support has been diagrammatically indicated in the illustration as derived from transverse bars 15 resting upon the upper rows of tubes 2 and passing under the upper return bends of the superheater elements.

The principal advantages to be derived from the construction just described may be briefly stated as follows: The location of the superheater units between the tubes 2 per- Inits re-radiation of heat from these units to the tubes 2-during the starting up periods when no steam is flowing through the elements 14, thereby preventing them from attaining'dangerous temperatures before there is an opportunity to abstract the heat absorbed by them through the medium of steam being passed therethrough, The superheater arranged in accordance with the invention is readily supported by inexpensive means, as

e no supporting means need be employed in the zone of highest gas temperatures so that special heat resisting materials do not have to be relied upon. Ordinary steel or iron will withstand the temperatures at the point where bars-15 are located, particularly as such bars are in Contact with the water cooled boiler tubes. As will be obvious, the superheater element-s14 are very readily removable for the purposes of repair or replacement. The outside location of the headers not only facilitates removal of the elements, but also is of advantageby keeping the joints between the elements and headers out of the high temperature- Zone within the boiler. A saving in boiler space is also effected, as the space between banks land 2 may be made much narrower than would be required in'case an inter'd'eck superheater were employed, the limiting factor as to this space being one determined by anti slagging requirements rather than superheater space requirements. It will be {noted from Fig. 2 that the vertical lanes in the several passes are not of uniform width across the passes, and the taperingof these lanes results in an improved gas flow through the boiler. Ordinarily the cornbus tion gases tend to hug the baflie 9 in thefirst pass and the decreasing width of the lanes between the tubes as they approach this bafile tends to crowd the combustion gases toward the headers 4 and thereby results in a more uniform gas distribution than would be the case if all ofthe tubes 2 were parallel to each other. In the same manner the uneven width of the lanes between the tubes in the second pass tend to force the combustion gases'toward bafiie 9 in the'second pass against their natural inclination to hug baffle 10, thereby securing even gas distribution through this pass, The same also holds true of the last pass, although in the third pass the boiler tubesare so-staggered with respect to the gas flow that the distribution of the gases is substantially the same as in the ordinary staggered tube construction.

The advantages secured by the superheater location just described are obtained without in'any way departing from present boiler standards, as the usual straight tubes may be employed together with the standard forms of headers.

Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, a modified form of construction has been shown in which the intertube space in the first pass of the boiler is utilized for the reception of a reheater, and, as shown in Fig. 6, a slightly different form of boiler tube arrangement is employed;

The boiler shown in Fig. 5 is in general the same as that shown in Fig. 1 comprising a lower bank of tubes 1, a spaced upper bank of tubes 2, downtake headers 3, uptake headers 4, and a steam and water drum 5 to which the downtake headers are connected by nipples 6 and the uptake headers by circulators 7. Bafiies 8, 9 and 10 are also the same as shown in Fig. 1. The boiler is provided, however, with a radiant type super-heater comprising an inlet header 12 connected to the steam space of drum 5 by the ofitake pipe 11, an outlet header 13' and superheating units14.

The superheater is protected by a waterwall formed of a plurality of tubes 16 supplied with water by means of pipe 17 and header 18 and discharging to header 19, the latter being connected to uptake headers 4 by means of nipples 20.

In this form, as shown more clearly in Fig. 6, the alternate horizontal rows of tubes 2 are straight tubes, while the rows of tubes between the straight tubes are bent at baflie 9 and arranged so that across the first pass all of the tubes 2 are parallel, while tothe right of baflie 9 the bent tubes are at an angle to the straight tubes, entering headers 3 in the same staggered relation as shown in Fig. 2. The heating elements 21 of the auxiliary heating apparatus which may, for example, be a re heater are placed in the vertical lanes bet-ween tubes 2 in the first pass in the same manner as already described in connection with Fig. 1. These elements may be of any desired specific construction but for purposes of illustration have been shown as substantially the same as the superheater units 14, connected at their ends to suitable inlet and outlet headers 22 and 23 receiving the fluid to be heated by way of pipe 24 from a source not shown, and delivering through pipe 25 to a consumer which has also been omitted.

It will be readily apparent that the space provided by my invention between the vertical rows of tubes in the first pass may be utilized for any heating apparatus it may be desired to employ, and it will further be obvious that the principal purpose of the invention, which is to provide lanes in one part of the boiler for the reception of such heating apparatus, while at the same time providing a, staggered tube arrangement in the other portions of the boiler, may be obtained by other specific forms of boiler tubes. Forexample, alternate horizontal rows of boiler tubes may be formed of tubes having parallel portions oiiset at the point where they pass through baffle 9 so that all of the tubes are parallel to each other throughout substantially their entire length but are arranged in vertical parallel rows to the left of baffle 9 and in staggered vertical relation to the right of the baffle. Oiiset tubes such as I have just described are, however, not so desirable as the forms illustrated because of the difiiculty of removing such tubes without substantial injury to solid baffles or the provision of special forms of ba'flies to permit such removal. 7 V f While in compliance with the patent statutes I have illustrated the most desirable form of apparatus now known to me for carrying my invention into effect, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to such illustrative forms but is to be considered as including all such changes and modifications as may fall within the scope of the appended claims. I

I claim: v V

1. A boiler comprising inlet and discharge headers, a bank of steam generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes being arranged at one end in spaced rows generally parallel tothe direction of gas flow and at the other end in staggered relation with respect to the direction of gas flow, and battling to direct combustion gases across said tubes in a plurality of transverse passes- I 2. A boiler comprising a bank of horizontally inclined straight steam generating tubes, uptake and downtake headers connected by said tubes, said tubes being arranged at one end in spaced vertical rows and at the other end in vertically staggered relation, andbaffling to direct combustion gases across said tubes in a plurality of transverse passes.

3. A boiler comprising inlet and discharge headers, a bank of steam generating tubes connectingsaid headers, said tubes being'arranged at one end in spaced rows generally parallel to the direction of gas flow and at the other end in staggered relation with respect to the direction of gas flow, and auxiliary fluid heating means located in the spaces between said rows.

' 4. A boiler comprising inlet-and discharge headers, a bank of steam generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes being arranged at one end in spaced rows generally parallel to the direction of gas flow and at the other end in staggered relation with respect to the direction of gas flow, baffling to direc c b ti n g es in a plura y transtersepasses across said tubes, and auxiliary fluid heating means located in the spaces between said-rows,'said elements being located in the first pass. r

5. A superheater boiler comprising inlet and discharge headers, a bank of steam-generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes being arranged at one end in spaced rows generally parallel to the direction of gas floW'and at the other end in staggeredrelation With respect to the direction of gas flow, battling to direct combustion gases across said tubes in a plurality of transverse passes, and

' superheater elements located in the spaces between said rows, said spaces being in the first gas pass.

6. A superheater boiler comprising uptake and doWntake headers, a bank of horizontally inclined straight steam generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes being arranged at one end in spac'edvertical rows and at'the other end in vertically staggered relation, bafiling to direct combustion gases across said tubes in transverse up and down passes, and a plurality of superheater elements located between the spaced vertical rows of tubes in the first pass.

7. A superheater boiler comprising uptake and downtake headers, a bank of horizontally inclined straight steam generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes 5 being arranged at one end in spacedvertical rows and at the other end in vertically staggered relation, baitling to direct combustion gases across said tubes in transverse up and down to'the uptake header, and superheater elements located in the space between said vertical rows said pass.

10. A boiler comprising inlet and discharge headers, a bank of steam generating tubes connecting said'headers', a battle located transverselyof said tubes intermediate their ends, alternate horizontal tube rows being formed of straight'tubes and the remaining horizontal rows being formed of tubes bent adjacent to said baflie, said straight and bent tubes being arranged so that all of the tubes of the bank on one side of the baflie are in parallel vertical rows While thetubes on the other sideof said baiile are non-parallel and vertically staggered. 4

11. A boiler comprising inlet and discharge headers, a bank of steam generating tubes connecting said-l1eaders,'a baffle located transversely of said tubes intermediate their ends, alternate horizontal tube rows being formed oft straight tubes and the remaining horizontal rows being formed of tubes bent adjacent to said bafile, said straight and bent-tubes being arranged so that all of the tubes of the bank on one side of the baflie are in parallel vertical rows While the tubes on the other side of said baffle are non-parallel and'vertically staggered, and a plurality of auxiliary'fluid heating elements located in the space between the vertical rows of tubes.

CHARLES XV. GORDON.

passes, and a'plurality of superheater elements located between the spaced vertical rows ottubcs in the first pass, each of said elements comprising a plurality of vertical loops, and superheaterinlet and outlethead ers to which said elements are connected located above said tube bank.

8. A superheater boiler comprising uptake and dovvntake headers, a bank of horizontally inclined straight steam generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes being arranged atone end in spaced vertical rows and at the other end in vertically staggered relation, bafliing to direct combustion gases across said tubes in transverse up and down passes,

and a plurality of superheater elements located between the vertically spaced rows of tubes in the first pass, said elements comprising a plurality ofvertical loops,"and lneansresting on the boiler tubes for supportin g said elements.

9. A superheater boiler comprising uptake and downtake headers, a plurality of horizontally inclined straight generating tubes connecting said headers, said tubes being arranged in parallel vertical rows Where they join the uptake headers and in vertically staggered relation Where they join the downtake headers, baflling to direct combustion gases in an upward transverse pass adjacent 

